• Equip participants with foundational knowledge of pediatric cardiac physiology.
• Teach the principles of pediatric ECG interpretation.
• Identify common pediatric arrhythmias and cardiac conditions.
• Foster practical skills through case-based learning and hands-on practice.

Workshop Structure:
1. Introduction & Overview
• Importance of pediatric ECG interpretation
• Differences between adult and pediatric ECG
• Objectives and expected outcomes
2. Pediatric Cardiac Physiology & ECG Basics
3. ECG Technique & Artifacts
4. Normal Pediatric ECG Patterns
• Normal cardiac anatomy and physiology
• Age-specific ECG changes
• Cardiac conduction system in children
• Proper electrode placement
• Common artifacts and troubleshooting
• Heart rate norms by age
• P wave characteristics
• QRS complex variations

• QT interval norms
• Left and right atrial and ventricular patterns
5. Abnormal ECG Patterns & Common Pathologies.
6. Case-Based Workshop
• Interactive review of pediatric ECGs • Group analysis and discussion
• Focus on differential diagnosis
7. Practical Tips & Troubleshooting
• Recognizing artifacts
• When to seek further evaluation
• Communicating findings effectively
8. Assessment & Feedback
• Pre- and post-tests / quizzes
• Participant feedback on the workshop • Q&A session

By the end of this workshop, participants will be able to:
1. Identify key anatomical landmarks relevant to cardiac conduction.
2. Understand 3D relationships between atrial and ventricular structures.
3. Correlate imaging modalities (CT/MRI, ICE) with anatomical features.
4. Apply anatomical knowledge to EP procedures (e.g., AF ablation, VT ablation, device
implantation).
5. Recognize anatomical variants and pitfalls during mapping and ablation.

Workshop Structure

Day 1: Core Anatomy & Imaging Session 1: Orientation & Overview
• Welcome & Introduction to EP-oriented Anatomy
• Interactive quiz (pre-test)
Session 2: Right Atrium & AV Node Region
• Sinus node anatomy
• Crista terminalis, eustachian ridge, cavotricuspid isthmus
• AV node and triangle of Koch
• Relevant arrhythmias: AVNRT, typical flutter
• Correlation with EP maneuvers
Session 3: Left Atrium & Pulmonary Veins
• Left atrial appendage
• Pulmonary vein anatomy and variability
• Fibrous skeleton & mitral isthmus
• Roof and posterior wall anatomy
• AF ablation targets and complications
Session 4: Imaging Correlation

• Intracardiac echo (ICE)
• CT/MRI overlays for mapping
• 3D reconstructions and segmentation tools
Session 5: Ventricular Anatomy for VT Ablation
• RV vs LV anatomy
• Septal and free wall anatomy
• Outflow tracts (RVOT, LVOT)
• Papillary muscles, false tendons, Purkinje network
• Epicardial anatomy: fat, coronaries, phrenic nerve
Session 6: Access & Navigation
• Transseptal puncture anatomy
• Coronary sinus and vein of Marshall
• Navigating complex anatomy using electroanatomic mapping
Session 7: Hands-On & Simulation
• 3D printed hearts or virtual dissection tools
• Live or recorded cadaver lab dissection
• Simulators: CARTO/EnSite with imaging overlays
• ICE navigation practice
Session 8: Clinical Case Integration
• Real-life ablation case walkthroughs
• Anatomy-related challenges and complications
• Q&A panel with expert faculty
Wrap-up
• Post-test & feedback
• Key takeaways and anatomical “checklist” for EP

• Equip participants with knowledge of pediatric vascular anatomy relevant to electrophysiology procedures.

• Demonstrate sterile techniques and ultrasound-guided vascular access.
• Enhance skills in real-time visualization of vessels to improve success rates.
• Reduce complications associated with vascular access in pediatric patients.

Workshop Structure:
1. Introduction & Rationale
• Importance of ultrasound guidance in pediatric vascular access
• Benefits over landmark techniques
• Special considerations in children (small vessels, patient cooperation)
2. Pediatric Vascular Anatomy & Ultrasound Basics
3. Principles of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access
• Overview of neck and femoral vasculature
• Ultrasound machine setup and probe selection
• Modes: B-mode, Doppler
• Optimizing image quality in pediatrics
• Out-of-plane vs. in-plane techniques
• Needle visualization strategies
• Confirming vessel identity

• Preventing complications
4. Step-by-Step Procedural Technique
• Patient positioning
• Aseptic preparations
• Local anesthesia considerations
• Ultrasound-guided needle insertion
• Wire advancement
• Catheter placement
• Troubleshooting common issues
Hands-on Practice Session 1:
• Simulated models or phantoms for vascular puncture
• Live demonstration
5. Hands-On Workshop
• Participant skill stations rotating through: o Ultrasound probe handling
o Needle insertion under ultrasound guidance
o Wire and catheter insertion
• Supervised practice with feedback
• Post-workshop resources and follow-up plan

• Equip participants with foundational knowledge of pediatric cardiac physiology.
• Teach the principles of pediatric ECG interpretation.
• Identify common pediatric arrhythmias and cardiac conditions.
• Foster practical skills through case-based learning and hands-on practice.

Workshop Structure:
1. Introduction & Overview
• Importance of pediatric ECG interpretation
• Differences between adult and pediatric ECG
• Objectives and expected outcomes
2. Pediatric Cardiac Physiology & ECG Basics
3. ECG Technique & Artifacts
4. Normal Pediatric ECG Patterns
• Normal cardiac anatomy and physiology
• Age-specific ECG changes
• Cardiac conduction system in children
• Proper electrode placement
• Common artifacts and troubleshooting
• Heart rate norms by age
• P wave characteristics
• QRS complex variations

• QT interval norms
• Left and right atrial and ventricular patterns
5. Abnormal ECG Patterns & Common Pathologies.
6. Case-Based Workshop
• Interactive review of pediatric ECGs • Group analysis and discussion
• Focus on differential diagnosis
7. Practical Tips & Troubleshooting
• Recognizing artifacts
• When to seek further evaluation
• Communicating findings effectively
8. Assessment & Feedback
• Pre- and post-tests / quizzes
• Participant feedback on the workshop • Q&A session